December 20, 2024

Personal consumption expenditures rose 0.4% in November after rising 0.3% in October and 0.7% in September.  In the past year nominal spending has risen 5.5%.

What we are really interested in is “real” or inflation-adjusted spending.  That is what goes into the GDP calculation.  After adjusting for inflation real consumption spending rose 0.3% in November after gaining 0.1% in October and 0.5% in September.    In the past year real spending has risen 2.9%. In the past three months that pace has climbed  to 3.7%..  Thus, the consumer’s willingness to spend remains solid.

Personal  income rose 0.3% in November after having climbed 0.7% in October and 0.4% in September.  The growth in income is being fueled by growth in wages which climbed 0.6% in November after gaining  0.5% in October and 0.4% in September.  In the past year wages have risen 5.8%.

Real disposable income — what is left after paying taxes and adjusted for inflation — rose 0.2% in November after climbing 0.5% in October and 0.2% in September.    In the past year it has risen by 2.6%.

The savings rate fell 0.1% in November to 4.4% after rising 0.4%% in October after having fallen 0.3% in September.  Consumers are saving less of their paycheck each month than what they have done historically.  In the 10-years prior to the 2020 recession the savings rate averaged 7.0%.  At 4.4% the savings rate is lower than its historical average.  With real disposable income rising at a 2.6% pace in recent months and real spending rising 2.9%, consumers can continue to spend at a 2.5-3.0% pace throughout 2025.

To maintain their pace of spending consumers were running up their credit card bills.  But with income now rising roughly in line with spending, consumers’ reliance on credit cards as a source of spending has been reduced.  The rate of growth in credit card borrowing has slowed to about 5.0%.

Thus far the additional debt has not been a problem.  If that were the case, delinquency rates on consumer debt should have begun to rise.  They have inched higher but that is all

GDP rose 3.1%  in the third quarter and GDP growth is expected to be 2.5% in the fourth quarter.   Steady job gains and significant wage gains will provide enough fuel to keep the economy growing at a moderate rate in the months to come.  We look for GDP growth of 2.9% in 2025.

Stephen Slifer

NumberNomics

Charleston, SC