August 30, 2024

Personal consumption expenditures rose 0.5% in July after climbing 0.3% in June.  In the past year nominal spending has risen 5.3%.

What we are really interested in is “real” or inflation-adjusted spending.  That is what goes into the GDP calculation.  After adjusting for inflation real consumption spending rose 0.4% in July after climbing 0.3% in June.    In the past year real spending has risen 2.7%. In the past three months that pace has climbed to 4.7%%.  Thus, the consumer’s willingness to spend remains solid.  It should slow, but it has not done so yet.

Personal  income rose 0.3% in July after gaining 0.2% in June.  The growth in income is being fueled by growth in wages which climbed 0.3% in both June and July. Firms are under some pressure to raise wages (given that average hourly earnings in real terms fell for two years).  As a result, wages have risen 4.4% in the past year.

Real disposable income — what is left after paying taxes and adjusted for inflation — rose 0.1% in both June and July..    In the past year real disposable income has risen 1.1%.

The savings rate fell 0.2% in July to 2.9% after declining 0.2% in June.  Consumers are saving much less of their paycheck each month than what they have done historically.  In the 10-years prior to the 2020 recession the savings rate averaged 7.0%.  With real disposable income rising at a 1.1% pace in recent months consumers cannot continue to spend at a 2.7% rate for too much longer.

To maintain their pace of spending they are beginning to run up their credit card bills.  That is OK for a while because they have very little debt in relation to income currently, but that is not a sustainable situation.  The rate of growth in credit card borrowing has slowed to 10.6%, but it remains far too rapid to be sustained.

Thus far the additional debt has not been a problem.  If that were the case, delinquency rates on consumer debt should have begun to rise.  They have inched higher but that is all

GDP rose 3.0%  in the second quarter but is expected to slow to 0.9% in the third quarter and 1.6% in the fourth quarter.    Steady job gains and significant wage gains will provide enough fuel to keep the economy growing slowly in the months to come.

Stephen Slifer

NumberNomics

Charleston, SC